NURS FPX 4055 Assessment 1 Health Promotion Research

Student Name

Capella University

NURS-FPX4055 Optimizing Population Health through Community Practice

Professor Name

Submission Date

Health Promotion Research

The most prevalent and dominant disease that causes chronic illnesses in the world is the problem of hypertension, commonly referred to as high blood pressure. The health impacts of hypertension are not experienced only by those who have the disease but also by those who have less income and have heart stroke, kidney failure, and dementia issues. As the report of the World Health Organisation (2025) has shown, in 2024, more than 1.4 million individuals in the world had hypertension and the associated issues. The issue of hypertension and how it is predominant in the chronic diseases of the population of the Greensboro community, residing in Guilford County, North Carolina, United States, will be addressed in the health promotion plan. The plan will examine the nature of the community, influence on the hypertension problem, evidence-based practice, and SMART objectives to execute educational activities for the local population.

Competency-Based Analysis of Hypertension

The problem of high blood pressure has been among the major reasons why chronic illnesses such as heart failure, stroke, and kidney troubles are highly prevalent in the Greensboro community. Greensboro is a town of 308 667 individuals whose ethnic composition is varied, with 9.0% of the older population having health problems and lacking any insurance or health care providers (U.S Census Bureau, 2025). The society is also facing a shortage of basic living conditions such as the water supply and municipal services, which is a major cause of health disparities among people residing in the society. The Greensboro community has a large population of African American people, as it offers cultural diversity and several ethinicity population. The community has several healthcare facilities and transportation services, yet it has people with problems related to access to healthcare services because of cultural differences. One of the most significant limitations in hypertension management and chronic illnesses is cultural differences (Uddin & Siddiqui, 2026). This demonstrates the inadequacy of the community in terms of accessing low-priced medication, transportation services, compliance with treatments, and socioeconomic aspects for every member. Evidence-based and patient-centred interventions should be offered to minimise the problem of hypertension among Greensboro residents.

• Sources of Uncertainty and Tacit Assumptions

The most significant assumption that can be made concerning the problem of hypertension in the Greensboro community may be the inadequacy of resources and health care facilities to meet the needs of culturally different individuals. The issue of hypertension is on the rise in the community since individuals cannot check on their health conditions as they lack the means of transport and other lifestyle amenities. It was also found that chronic disease management and preventive care facilities have a greater impact on patients who are vulnerable to socioeconomic factors such as low income and language proficiency issues, as well as racial and ethnic differences (Nkouaga, 2025). The other assumption that is made about the community is that individuals remain uninformed of health live behavioral choices, owing to which the risk of hypertension rises. On the other hand, the point of uncertainty is that the population does not have enough education, or they may be unaware of their increasing health disparities.

Target Community Characteristics of Hypertension

The health promotion plan is designed to cater to the increasing issue of hypertension and its leading effects on chronic diseases in older adults living in the Greensboro community. Based on the healthcare statistics of the Greensboro community, only a quarter (34.5) of adults in the community are insured against health issues (Data USA, 2026). This inadequacy of health insurance services can be regarded as another dominant cause of rising problems of hypertension in the Greensboro community. The other important factors that can lead to the prevention of hypertension are ensuring equal health facilities and transportation services for socioeconomically different populations, like African Americans and Hispanics in the community. According to Kirschbaum et al. (2022), equity considerations are especially crucial in hypertension due to the fact that they tend to be the least able to obtain high-quality health care services and are of the lowest socioeconomic status in low-income communities. The Greensboro community population is also experiencing food insecurity, infrastructure issues, and the absence of public health facilities. All of these characteristics associated with the community relatively impact their healthcare statuses and can lead to issues of hypertension and chronic diseases.

• Applicability to the Larger Target Community

With the relatability of hypertension in the Greensboro community, the illness also has an impact on the rest of the population in other communities within Guilford County, North Carolina. Hypertension has been a significant problem among other communities in the United States, causing chronic illnesses and even fatalities. The factors that are connected with the problem of hypertension include socioeconomic status, health behaviour, food insecurity, drug compliance and transportation. Physical inactivity, substance use, and regular screening and hospital visits are other factors of increasing hypertension related to the side of the patient (Ojangba et al., 2023). Culturally appropriate interventions to reduce the prevalence of hypertension in the Greensboro community and other large target communities need to be developed.

Importance of Addressing Hypertension in Health Promotion

The relevance of the proposed problem of hypertension in the Greensboro community is justified since it leads to heart diseases, kidney failure, dementia, and some other chronic conditions. By tackling the hypertension problem in the community, the solution will not only enhance healthcare equity among the individuals, but will also contribute towards lowering healthcare costs and burdens. The health program will be useful in sensitising individuals within the Greensboro community to the predisposing issues of hypertension, such as poor lifestyles, food insecurity, physical inactivity and tobacco consumption. The plan will also be aimed at adopting the significance of frequent blood pressure tests, frequent checkups in the hospital, taking medications, and lifestyle change (Han et al., 2025). Such interventions will assist individuals and primary care health professionals to cut down on blood pressure and other health issues in the community. The health promotion program will also seek to provide culturally sensitive treatment plans and interventions in increasing awareness of hypertension in society.

• Contributing Factors to Hypertension and Health Disparities

The socioeconomic factors of the Greensboro community are the most prevalent health disparities observed in the community in relation to the problem of rising hypertension. Socioeconomic status is crucial to the mismanagement of resources and healthcare facilities in the community, leading to the occurrence of chronic diseases in older adults. The lack of transportation, water supplies, food resources, awareness of health literacy, and local healthcare facilities are some of these factors of health disparity in the Greensboro community. The disparities between the socioeconomic groups on hypertension prevalence were typically low, and even the least-educated and the least-wealthy groups had a significant prevalence of hypertension (Kirschbaum et al., 2022). It is also a cause of the rising incidence of hypertension in society, in agreement with the cultural beliefs. Among the varied population of Greensboro, including African American people, the factors that are considered the leading causes of hypertension are language differences, religious beliefs, cultural food choices, as well as lifestyle. During the process of creating the sociogram of this community in terms of hypertension, the role of families, primary care providers, nurses, and community resources plays an important role in terms of health promotion.

• Improved Access to Prevention and Support Services is Needed

The Greensboro community has access to healthcare facilities like pharmacies and community healthcare centres, but there is a need for public health facilities for culturally different populations too. The resource allocation problems in the community, including transportation, food and water, and low- or middle-income infrastructure, are indicated. This demonstrates the necessity to have better access and prevention of hypertension among people of the community, who have different cultures. The study also hints at the significance of cultural interventions, such as language proficiency, awareness of health issues and education of self-management programs to lower hypertension (Uddin, Siddiqui, 2026). Another important initiative that can be taken in the health promotion of hypertension will be active collaboration of healthcare providers, community resource nurses and affected people.

SMART Goals for Workplace Harassment Promotion in the Community

In ensuring that the health promotion plan is a success, it would be essential to have specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound objectives of promoting hypertension interventions within the Greensboro community. The hypertension needs always certain interventions in low-income communities that are experiencing a lack of resources and education (Mengesha et al., 2024). Community engagement remains a vital component in shaping interventions that are both culturally appropriate and sustainable over time. These SMART objectives will bring in educational and evidence-based interventions, and people of the community will actively participate.

Goal 1: At the conclusion of the session, the participants will understand more about hypertension and its risk factors.

• Specific: The participants will be capable of acquiring the causes, complications, and health risks that are caused by hypertension in elderly age.
• Measurable: Almost 85% of participants will increase their knowledge and will be able to answer post-session questions about hypertension.
• Achievable: Information related to hypertension will be given with visual presentations and educational materials with open discussion sessions.
• Relevant: With more knowledge, they will know how to identify the symptoms of hypertension in themselves and other individuals around them, which will encourage them to have frequent screenings.
• Time-bound: This will be evaluated based on the amount of knowledge they have acquired by the end of their 30-day session.

Goal 2: The outcome of the education session is that the participants will embrace a healthy lifestyle to prevent hypertension.

• Certain: The participants will be taught behavioural and lifestyle modifications, such as physical exercise, diet control, and salt reduction to control high blood pressure.
• Measurable: Nearly 80% of the participants will have learned behavioural changes on hypertension and have a personal action plan towards it by the end of the session.
• Practicable: Education will be given in the form of handouts and presentations regarding the issue of hypertension and the existing local resources.
• Relevant: The participants will be able to make lifestyle changes and routinely screen their blood pressure to prevent chronic conditions.
• Time-specific: The participants will be expected to meet the goal at the close of the 30-day learning course.

Goal 3: At the conclusion of the session, participants will become more confident in their receipt of community resources.

• Specific: They will be able to monitor blood pressure by themselves and will be confident enough to receive community resources.
• Measurable: Among all the respondents, nearly 90% of the individuals will identify hypertension monitoring skills and will be aware of at least two resources available to visit in the community to seek help.
• Achievable: There will be demonstrations in practice on monitoring methods and guides on resources for the participants.
• Relevant: The enhanced confidence will introduce routine health checks and lifestyle change ideology among the participants.
• Time-bound: At the conclusion of the 30-day session, the confidence and the community resource knowledge of the participants will be measured.

Conclusion

Hypertension has been the cause of the most common heart disease, kidney disease, and other chronic illnesses within the Greensboro community. The most common factors that affect the increasing rates of hypertension are the socioeconomic status of people, lack of resources, and health literacy. Hypertension can be reduced by ensuring that there are culturally adequate resources to promote health, food, transport, and infrastructure in the community. Finally, the target population’s implementation of specific goals will assist the community in tackling the issue of ensuring that there is knowledge and awareness of hypertension and community resources.

References

Data USA. (2026). Greensboro, NC. In datausa.io. https://datausa.io/profile/geo/greensboro-nc

Han, B., Lee, G. B., Yoon, J., & Kim, Y.-H. (2025). Lifestyle interventions for hypertension management in primary care: A narrative review. Medical Journal, 48(4), e56. https://doi.org/10.12771/emj.2025.00850

Kirschbaum, T. K., Sudharsanan, N., Manne-Goehler, J., De Neve, J.-W., Lemp, J. M., Theilmann, M., Marcus, M. E., Ebert, C., Chen, S., Yoosefi, M., Sibai, A. M., Rouhifard, M., Moghaddam, S. S., Mayige, M. T., Martins, J. S., Lunet, N., Jorgensen, J. M. A., Houehanou, C., Farzadfar, F., … Geldsetzer, P. (2022). The Association of Socioeconomic Status with hypertension in 76 low- and middle-income countries. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 80(8), 804–817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2022.05.044

Mengesha, E. W., Tesfaye, T. D., Boltena, M. T., Birhanu, Z., Sudhakar, M., Hassen, K., Mesfin, F., Hailegebrel, E. A., Howe, R., Abebe, F., Tadesse, Y., Girma, E., & Worku, A. (2024). Effectiveness of community-based interventions for prevention and control of hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review. PLOS Global Public Health, 4(7), e0003459–e0003459. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003459

Nkouaga, F. (2025). Socio-economic and insurance factors in preventive care: A two-stage weighted structural analysis. Dialogues in Health, 7(1), 100243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100243

Ojangba, T., Boamah, S., Miao, Y., Guo, X., Fen, Y., Agboyibor, C., Yuan, J., & Dong, W. (2023). Comprehensive effects of lifestyle reform, adherence, and related factors on hypertension control: A review. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 25(6), 509–520. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14653

Uddin, I. A., & Siddiqui, R. M. (2026). Cultural determinants of hypertension and heart failure management: Implications for long-term outcomes. Journal of Cardiology and Clinical Research, 14(2), 1–9. https://www.jscimedcentral.com/journal-article-info/Journal-of-Cardiology-and-Clinical-Research/Cultural-Determinants-of-Hypertension-and-Heart-Failure-Management-Implications-for-Long-Term-Outcomes-12671

U.S. Census Bureau. (2025). QuickFacts: Greensboro city, North Carolina. In Census Bureau QuickFacts. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/greensborocitynorthcarolina/PST045225

World Health Organization. (2025). Uncontrolled high blood pressure puts over a billion people at risk. Www.who.org. https://www.who.int/news/item/23-09-2025-uncontrolled-high-blood-pressure-puts-over-a-billion-people-at-risk